The transport of hydronium and hydroxide ions through reverse osmosis membranes
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
On the recombination of hydronium and hydroxide ions in water.
The recombination of hydronium and hydroxide ions following water ionization is one of the most fundamental processes determining the pH of water. The neutralization step once the solvated ions are in close proximity is phenomenologically understood to be fast, but the molecular mechanism has not been directly probed by experiments. We elucidate the mechanism of recombination in liquid water wi...
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H3 O(+) and OH(-) , formed by the self-ionization of two coordinating water molecules during the crystal growing of a host molecule [1,3,5-tris(hydroxymethyl)2,4,6-triethylbenzene (1)], could be effectively stabilized by hydrogen-bonding interactions with the preorganized hydroxy groups of three molecules of 1. The binding motifs observed in the complex (1)3 ⋅H3 O(+) ⋅HO(-) show remarkable simi...
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The dehydration of alcohols is involved in many organic conversions but has to overcome high free-energy barriers in water. Here we demonstrate that hydronium ions confined in the nanopores of zeolite HBEA catalyse aqueous phase dehydration of cyclohexanol at a rate significantly higher than hydronium ions in water. This rate enhancement is not related to a shift in mechanism; for both cases, t...
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The Ångström-scale transport characteristics of water and six different solutes, methanol, ethanol, 2propanol, urea, Na+, and Cl-, were studied for a polymeric reverse osmosis (RO) membrane, FT-30, using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations. Results indicate that water transport increases with an increasing fraction of percolated free volume, or water-accessible open space, in ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Membrane Science
سال: 2014
ISSN: 0376-7388
DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.02.018